Aciclovir (Xyclovirax) 200mg Anti Viral Tablets 100's

Aciclovir (Xyclovirax) 200mg Anti-Viral Tablets 100's

Product Description:

Xyclovirax 200mg contains Aciclovir, an antiviral medication used to treat viral infections caused by the herpes simplex virus, including cold sores, genital herpes, and shingles. Aciclovir is a nucleoside analog, and it works by interfering with the replication of the virus, slowing its growth and spread in the body. It is available in tablet form, with each tablet containing 200mg of Aciclovir, and the pack contains 100 tablets.

Indications:

Xyclovirax (Aciclovir) is primarily indicated for the following conditions:

1. Herpes Simplex Virus Infections:

   • Cold sores (Herpes labialis): Aciclovir is used to reduce the severity and duration of cold sores caused by the herpes simplex virus.

   • Genital herpes: It helps to treat initial or recurrent genital herpes infections, reducing symptoms and the duration of viral shedding.

2. Herpes Zoster (Shingles):

   • Aciclovir is used to treat shingles, a painful rash caused by the varicella-zoster virus, and can help reduce pain, rash duration, and complications.

3. Varicella (Chickenpox):

   • Used in the treatment of chickenpox in immunocompromised patients or those at high risk of complications.

4. Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (severe infection of the brain caused by herpes simplex virus):

   • Aciclovir is used in the treatment of severe herpes infections in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).

5. Prophylaxis of Herpes Simplex Virus:

   • It may be used for prevention (prophylaxis) of herpes infections in immunocompromised individuals, including those undergoing chemotherapy or organ transplants.

Dosage and Administration:

For Herpes Simplex Infections (Cold Sores, Genital Herpes):

• Adults: The usual dose is 200mg every 4 hours (5 times daily) for 5 days.

For Shingles (Herpes Zoster):

• Adults: The usual dose is 800mg every 4 hours (5 times daily) for 7-10 days.

For Chickenpox (Varicella):

• Adults and Children Over 12 Years: The usual dose is 800mg every 4 hours (5 times daily) for 5 days.

For Prophylaxis (in immunocompromised patients):

• Adults: The dose is usually 400mg two to three times daily.

Special Considerations:

• Renal Impairment: Dosage adjustments are required for patients with kidney problems. In cases of severe renal impairment, the dosage should be reduced based on creatinine clearance.

• Elderly Patients: Dosage adjustments may be necessary, particularly in those with reduced renal function.

Side Effects:

Aciclovir is generally well-tolerated, but like all medications, it may cause side effects. Some common and serious side effects include:

Common Side Effects:

• Headache.

• Nausea or vomiting.

• Diarrhea.

• Fatigue.

• Skin rash.

Serious Side Effects:

• Renal (kidney) impairment: Aciclovir can affect kidney function, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney issues. Kidney function should be monitored, and hydration maintained.

• Neurotoxicity: In rare cases, high doses may cause neurological side effects such as confusion, agitation, hallucinations, or seizures, particularly in elderly patients or those with kidney problems.

• Blood disorders: Rare cases of thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) or leukopenia (low white blood cell count).

• Allergic reactions: Rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, or throat (angioedema), or difficulty breathing.

Contraindications:

Xyclovirax (Aciclovir) should be avoided or used with caution in the following situations:

1. Hypersensitivity:

   • Contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to Aciclovir, Valacyclovir, or any of the excipients in the tablet formulation.

2. Severe Renal Impairment:

   • In patients with significant renal dysfunction (especially those with severely impaired kidney function), Aciclovir should be used with caution and dose adjustments may be necessary.

3. Pregnancy:

   • Xyclovirax is classified as a Category C drug during pregnancy, meaning it should be used only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Pregnant women should only use Aciclovir under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

4. Breastfeeding:

   • Aciclovir is excreted in breast milk in small amounts, so it should be used with caution in breastfeeding women. A decision should be made whether to discontinue breastfeeding or discontinue the drug.

Precautions:

• Hydration: Adequate hydration should be maintained, especially in patients with impaired renal function, to reduce the risk of renal toxicity.

• Renal Function Monitoring: Kidney function should be monitored, particularly in elderly patients and those with pre-existing renal impairment, as high doses or prolonged therapy can lead to kidney damage.

• Elderly Patients: Elderly individuals may be more susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of Aciclovir and may require a lower dose.

• Drug Interactions: Caution is advised when used with nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides), as there may be an increased risk of kidney damage. Also, probenecid can increase Aciclovir levels by reducing renal clearance.

Overdose:

Symptoms of overdose may include:

• Nausea, vomiting.

• Confusion or hallucinations.

• Seizures.

• Kidney dysfunction (oliguria, anuria).

Management of Overdose:

• Overdose requires immediate medical attention. Supportive measures should be initiated. Hemodialysis may be used to help eliminate Aciclovir from the body in cases of significant overdose.

Conclusion:

Xyclovirax 200mg (Aciclovir) is an effective antiviral medication used to treat various herpes virus infections, including cold sores, genital herpes, shingles, and chickenpox. It works by inhibiting viral replication, which reduces the severity and duration of the infection. Although generally well-tolerated, side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances, headaches, or renal impairment may occur. It should be used cautiously in patients with pre-existing kidney issues, elderly individuals, and pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always follow the prescribed dosage and consult a healthcare provider for personalized treatment advice.