Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) 250mg/5ml Powder for Oral Suspension 60ml

Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) 250mg/5ml Powder for Oral Suspension 60ml

Product Description:

Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) is a penicillin-type antibiotic that is used to treat various bacterial infections. It comes in the form of a powder for oral suspension, and when prepared, it provides a 250mg of Cloxacillin per 5ml of the suspension. This formulation is effective against a range of gram-positive bacteria, including staphylococci and other sensitive microorganisms. Cloxacillin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to the death of the bacteria.

Each 5ml of the prepared suspension contains:

• 250mg of Cloxacillin

The suspension is presented in a 60ml bottle for easy oral administration. The bottle should be reconstituted with water to form the suspension before use. The suspension should be stored in a cool, dry place, and shaken well before each use.

Indications:

Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) is used to treat bacterial infections caused by penicillin-sensitive organisms, including:

1. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections:

   • Abscesses

   • Cellulitis (skin infection)

   • Wound infections

   • Impetigo

2. Respiratory Tract Infections:

   • Pneumonia

   • Bronchitis

   • Pharyngitis (sore throat)

   • Tonsillitis

3. Bone and Joint Infections:

   • Osteomyelitis (bone infection)

   • Septic arthritis (joint infection)

4. Endocarditis:

   • In cases of bacterial infections affecting the heart's inner lining.

5. Other Infections:

   • Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

   • Dental infections

Dosages:

The dosage of Cloxacillin will vary depending on the patient's age, weight, the severity of the infection, and other individual factors. Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) suspension is typically administered every 6 to 8 hours.

• Adults:

  • Usual dose: 250mg to 500mg (5-10ml of the suspension) every 6 hours.

  • For more severe infections, the dose may be increased, or the frequency of administration may be adjusted.

• Children:

  • Under 1 year: 50mg/kg/day, divided into 3 to 4 doses.

  • 1 year and older: 50-100mg/kg/day, divided into 3 to 4 doses.

• Severe infections: The dose may be increased based on the severity and physician's discretion.

Preparation of the Suspension:

1. Add the required amount of water to the bottle (usually about 50ml of water, but refer to the product label for precise instructions).

2. Shake well to ensure the powder dissolves completely and the suspension is homogeneous.

3. After reconstitution, the suspension should be stored in a cool, dry place, and shaken well before each dose.

Side Effects:

Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) is generally well-tolerated, but as with all medications, some side effects may occur. These can include:

1. Common Side Effects:

   • Gastrointestinal issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or upset stomach.

   • Skin reactions: Rash or mild itching.

2. Less Common/Serious Side Effects:

   • Allergic reactions: Severe allergic reactions, including hives, swelling of the face or throat, and difficulty breathing (anaphylaxis). Seek immediate medical attention if these symptoms occur.

   • Liver problems: Signs of liver dysfunction such as yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, and fatigue.

   • Severe diarrhea: Often caused by Clostridium difficile infection, leading to colitis.

   • Blood disorders: Rarely, anemia, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), or leukopenia (low white blood cells) may occur.

   • Kidney problems: Signs of kidney issues may include reduced urine output, swelling, or discomfort in the kidney area.

3. Other Possible Side Effects:

   • Headache

   • Dizziness

   • Vaginal infections (due to changes in the balance of normal flora)

Contraindications:

Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) should not be used in the following cases:

1. Hypersensitivity:

   • If you have a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Cloxacillin, penicillin antibiotics, or any components of the formulation, it should be avoided.

2. Severe Liver Disease:

   • It should be used with caution or avoided in patients with severe liver disease, particularly if they have had prior liver complications associated with penicillin use.

3. Renal Impairment:

   • Cloxacillin should be used with caution in patients with renal insufficiency or kidney disease, as it may require dose adjustments.

4. Mononucleosis:

   • Avoid use in patients with mononucleosis (a viral infection), as they are more prone to developing rashes when treated with penicillin-type antibiotics.

5. History of Penicillin-Related Reactions:

   • If the patient has a history of serious anaphylactic reactions or other severe allergic reactions to penicillin or cephalosporins, Cloxacillin should be avoided.

Precautions:

1. Allergic Reactions:

   • Use with caution in patients with a history of allergic reactions to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.

2. Prolonged Use:

   • Prolonged or repeated use may result in superinfection (growth of non-susceptible organisms such as fungi).

3. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:

   • Cloxacillin is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding), but it should only be used if the benefits outweigh the risks. Always consult with a healthcare provider before use.

4. Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea:

   • Antibiotics, including Cloxacillin, can alter the normal flora of the gut and lead to C. difficile-associated diarrhea. If severe diarrhea occurs, it is important to seek medical attention promptly.

Overdose:

In the case of an overdose, symptoms may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal upset. Kidney problems could also develop in severe cases. Treatment involves supportive care and symptom management. Immediate medical attention should be sought.

Conclusion:

Cloxacillin (Cloxasaph 250) is an effective antibiotic used for the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by staphylococci. It is typically well-tolerated, though potential side effects and allergic reactions should be closely monitored. As with any antibiotic, it is essential to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed to avoid the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting the dosage.