Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox) 500mg Antibacterial Tablet 100's

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Product Description:

Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, an enzyme necessary for bacterial DNA replication, which leads to the death of the bacteria. Cyfrox 500mg tablets are available in packs of 100 tablets and are commonly prescribed for treating bacterial infections in various parts of the body, including the respiratory system, urinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract.

Indications:

Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox) 500mg is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including:

1. Respiratory Infections:

   • Pneumonia (including community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia).

   • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations.

   • Bronchitis and sinusitis.

2. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs):

   • Cystitis (bladder infection).

   • Pyelonephritis (kidney infection).

   • Urethritis and other infections of the urinary system.

3. Gastrointestinal Infections:

   • Infectious diarrhea caused by bacteria such as Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Campylobacter.

   • Enteritis (intestinal inflammation).

4. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs):

   • Chlamydia.

   • Gonorrhea (in combination with other antibiotics).

   • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

5. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections:

   • Cellulitis, abscesses, and wound infections.

   • Infected burns or pressure ulcers.

6. Bone and Joint Infections:

   • Osteomyelitis (bone infection).

   • Septic arthritis.

7. Other Infections:

   • Bacterial prostatitis.

   • Anthrax exposure (for prophylaxis and treatment).

   • Meningitis prophylaxis (as part of combination therapy).

Dosage:

The dosage of Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox) depends on the severity of the infection and the type of bacteria involved. The typical dosage regimen is:

• For Adults:

  • For urinary tract infections: 250mg to 500mg every 12 hours for 3 to 14 days, depending on the severity.

  • For respiratory infections (e.g., pneumonia, bronchitis): 500mg to 750mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days.

  • For gastrointestinal infections: 500mg every 12 hours for 5 to 7 days.

  • For skin infections: 500mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days.

  • For bone and joint infections: 500mg to 750mg every 12 hours, typically for 4 to 6 weeks.

  • For prostatitis: 500mg every 12 hours for 4 to 6 weeks.

  • For anthrax exposure: 500mg every 12 hours for 60 days.

Note: The dosage may be adjusted by the healthcare provider depending on the infection's severity, patient's renal function, and response to therapy.

Administration:

• Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox) tablets should be taken orally with a full glass of water.

• It can be taken with or without food.

• It is important to drink plenty of fluids during treatment to reduce the risk of kidney crystals (crystalluria).

Side Effects:

Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox), like all antibiotics, may cause side effects. The most common side effects include:

• Gastrointestinal issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and indigestion.

• Headache, dizziness, and lightheadedness.

• Skin reactions: Rash, itching, or photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight).

• Musculoskeletal problems: Tendonitis (inflammation of tendons), tendon rupture (especially in older adults or those taking corticosteroids), joint pain, and muscle pain.

• Central nervous system effects: Anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, insomnia, and in rare cases, seizures.

• Cardiovascular issues: Increased heart rate (tachycardia), arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms), and low blood pressure.

• Liver effects: Elevation in liver enzymes (AST, ALT), jaundice, and hepatitis.

• Renal effects: Changes in urine output, kidney stones, or crystalluria.

• Allergic reactions: Swelling, itching, or difficulty breathing (signs of an allergic reaction), which may require discontinuation of the medication.

Serious side effects requiring immediate medical attention include:

• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis).

• Tendon rupture or severe tendon pain (especially in the Achilles tendon).

• Severe gastrointestinal distress: Persistent diarrhea, blood in stools (could indicate Clostridium difficile infection).

• Severe dizziness, confusion, or hallucinations.

• Signs of liver failure: Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice).

• Severe sunburn due to photosensitivity.

• Severe arrhythmias or chest pain.

Contraindications:

Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox) is contraindicated in the following situations:

1. Hypersensitivity:

   • Contraindicated in patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin or other quinolone antibiotics (e.g., levofloxacin, norfloxacin).

2. Tendon Disorders:

   • Contraindicated in patients with a history of tendon disorders (e.g., tendonitis, tendon rupture) caused by quinolone antibiotics.

3. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:

   • Not recommended during pregnancy unless clearly necessary. It can harm the developing fetus, particularly in the later stages of pregnancy.

   • Should be used with caution during breastfeeding, as Ciprofloxacin may pass into breast milk and affect the baby.

4. Children and Adolescents:

   • Ciprofloxacin is generally contraindicated in children under the age of 18 due to the risk of joint and tendon damage, unless other treatment options are not available.

5. Severe Renal Impairment:

   • Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (e.g., CrCl < 30 mL/min) unless the dosage is adjusted.

6. Myasthenia Gravis:

   • Ciprofloxacin should be avoided in patients with myasthenia gravis as it may exacerbate symptoms, such as muscle weakness.

7. Caution in Elderly:

   • Use with caution in elderly patients, especially those over 60 years of age, who may be at higher risk for tendon rupture, cardiac arrhythmias, and other serious side effects.

Precautions:

• Caution in patients with a history of seizures: Ciprofloxacin can lower the threshold for seizures, so patients with a history of seizures or those taking medications that may lower the seizure threshold should be carefully monitored.

• Kidney function: Ciprofloxacin should be used cautiously in patients with impaired kidney function, and dose adjustments may be required.

• CNS effects: Ciprofloxacin can cause central nervous system effects like confusion, hallucinations, and dizziness, especially in older patients.

• Cardiac monitoring: Due to potential QT interval prolongation, ciprofloxacin should be used cautiously in patients with a history of arrhythmias or those taking other drugs that prolong the QT interval.

• Superinfection: Prolonged use of Ciprofloxacin can lead to secondary infections, including Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, which may require discontinuation of the antibiotic.

• Sun exposure: Ciprofloxacin can increase photosensitivity, and patients should avoid direct sunlight or use protective measures (e.g., sunscreen, protective clothing).

Drug Interactions:

• Antacids and Calcium: Products containing aluminum, magnesium, or calcium can reduce the absorption of Ciprofloxacin. These should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after Ciprofloxacin.

• Warfarin: Ciprofloxacin can increase the effect of warfarin (an anticoagulant), leading to an increased risk of bleeding. INR (International Normalized Ratio) should be closely monitored.

• Theophylline: Ciprofloxacin can increase the serum concentration of theophylline, leading to toxicity (e.g., seizures, nausea). Close monitoring is required.

• Corticosteroids: Co-administration with corticosteroids may increase the risk of tendon rupture.

• Other QT-prolonging drugs: Caution should be exercised when Ciprofloxacin is used with drugs known to prolong the QT interval (e.g., antiarrhythmics, certain antipsychotics).

Summary:

Ciprofloxacin (Cyfrox) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including respiratory, urinary tract, gastrointestinal, and skin infections. The typical dosage for adults is 500mg every 12 hours, but the duration and dosage depend on the infection being treated.

Common side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, and musculoskeletal issues, while serious side effects may include tendon rupture, severe allergic reactions, and cardiac arrhythmias. Ciprofloxacin should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment, seizure disorders, and pregnancy. It is contraindicated in children under 18 years and in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to quinolone antibiotics.

Patients should always consult their healthcare provider before starting Ciprofloxacin to ensure it is appropriate for their condition and to manage any potential risks.