Heparin Sodium ( Nuparin) 1000 IU 5ml IV Vial 1's

ANTICOAGULANT

Product Description: 
Prevention of clotting in arterial and cardiac surgery; Prophylaxis and treatment of peripheral arterial embolism.

Product Description:

Heparin Sodium (Nuparin) 1000 IU 5ml IV Vial is an anticoagulant (blood thinner) used to prevent and treat blood clots. The 1000 IU (International Units) concentration in a 5ml vial is designed for intravenous (IV) administration. Heparin works by inhibiting certain clotting factors in the blood, specifically Factor Xa and Factor IIa (thrombin), thereby preventing the formation of harmful clots. This medication is typically used in hospital settings or under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

Heparin is widely used in the management of venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and during procedures like dialysis or cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, where blood clot formation is a risk.

Indications:

Heparin Sodium (Nuparin) 1000 IU is indicated for:

1. Prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT): Used to prevent and treat blood clots in the veins, particularly in the legs, which could lead to more serious conditions like pulmonary embolism.

2. Prevention and treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE): To prevent or treat clots that have traveled to the lungs.

3. Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI): Heparin is often used in combination with other treatments to manage blood clotting during or after a heart attack.

4. Prevention of clot formation during surgery: Used during surgeries that involve the heart, kidneys (dialysis), or other procedures where blood clotting may be a concern.

5. Prevention of clotting in extracorporeal circulation: Heparin is used to prevent clot formation during procedures like hemodialysis or cardiopulmonary bypass.

Dosage and Administration:

Heparin Sodium (Nuparin) 1000 IU 5ml IV Vial is intended for intravenous use only. The dosage should be determined by a healthcare provider, depending on the condition being treated, the patient’s medical history, and their response to treatment.

1. Initial Loading Dose:

   • For the treatment of acute thromboembolic conditions (e.g., DVT, PE, AMI), a common initial bolus dose of 5000 IU may be administered intravenously. This is followed by a continuous IV infusion.

2. Maintenance Dose:

   • The typical maintenance dose is calculated based on the patient’s activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels, typically targeting an aPTT range of 1.5–2.5 times the normal value.

   • The dose may vary but typically starts around 1000–1500 IU/hour IV infusion, adjusting based on clinical response and laboratory results.

3. For Prevention:

   • 5000 IU may be administered subcutaneously every 8–12 hours for prevention of DVT in high-risk patients, especially after surgery or prolonged immobility.

Important: Only administer this medication under the supervision of a healthcare professional in a hospital or clinical setting. Doses are individualized based on the patient's clinical condition, body weight, and laboratory results (such as aPTT or anti-Xa levels).

Side Effects:

Common side effects of Heparin Sodium (Nuparin) include:

1. Bleeding: The most common and serious side effect is bleeding, which may present as bruising, nosebleeds, or more severe internal bleeding.

2. Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT): A serious immune reaction that can cause a reduction in platelet count, leading to a higher risk of clotting.

3. Injection Site Reactions: Pain, redness, or swelling at the injection or infusion site.

4. Allergic Reactions: Itching, rash, or fever. Severe reactions are rare but can include anaphylaxis.

5. Osteoporosis: Long-term use of heparin can lead to bone loss and osteoporosis.

6. Elevated Liver Enzymes: Occasionally, heparin may cause abnormal liver function tests.

7. Hair Loss: Some people may experience temporary hair loss during long-term use of heparin.

8. Hyperkalemia: Elevated potassium levels, which may result in muscle weakness, fatigue, or abnormal heart rhythms.

Contraindications:

Heparin Sodium (Nuparin) should not be used in the following situations:

1. Active bleeding or bleeding disorders: Heparin should be avoided in patients with conditions like hemophilia, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), or active gastrointestinal bleeding.

2. Hypersensitivity to Heparin or any of its components: Patients who have had a history of allergic reactions to heparin should not use this medication.

3. Severe thrombocytopenia: Low platelet counts (such as in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia, or HIT) should be monitored, and Heparin is contraindicated in cases of severe thrombocytopenia.

4. Recent major surgery or trauma: Heparin should be used with caution or avoided in patients who have recently undergone major surgery or trauma, especially where significant bleeding risk exists.

5. Severe hypertension: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can increase the risk of bleeding complications.

6. Pregnancy (in certain conditions): While heparin is generally considered safer during pregnancy than oral anticoagulants, it should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the risks, particularly in patients with a history of clotting disorders.

Warnings and Precautions:

1. Regular Monitoring: Regular monitoring of aPTT levels is essential to ensure that the patient’s blood does not become too thin. Anti-Xa levels may also be used for monitoring.

2. Risk of Bleeding: Use caution in patients who are at high risk for bleeding, such as those with ulcers, recent surgery, or with conditions that predispose to bleeding.

3. Interactions with Other Medications: Heparin can interact with a variety of other medications, such as aspirin, NSAIDs, and oral anticoagulants (warfarin), increasing the risk of bleeding. Always inform your healthcare provider of all other medications you are taking.

4. Monitoring Kidney Function: Heparin is metabolized by the liver and kidneys, and patients with renal insufficiency may require lower doses or more frequent monitoring.

5. Caution in Elderly: Elderly patients are at greater risk of bleeding and should be monitored closely when using heparin.

6. Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT): Monitor platelet counts regularly. If HIT is suspected, heparin should be discontinued immediately.

Storage:

• Store at room temperature (between 15°C to 30°C), away from moisture and heat.

• Do not freeze the vial.

• Keep the medication in its original packaging to protect it from light and moisture.

• Keep it out of the reach of children.

Conclusion:

Heparin Sodium (Nuparin) 1000 IU 5ml IV Vial is an effective anticoagulant used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic events like deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and in certain surgeries. It requires careful dosing, monitoring, and is generally administered in a clinical setting to manage bleeding risks. Like all anticoagulants, Heparin has the potential for serious side effects, including bleeding and allergic reactions. It should be used under the supervision of healthcare professionals, with regular laboratory testing to monitor for adverse effects. Always inform your healthcare provider of your medical history and current medications.